How to create module in Magento 2?

Before we start talking about how to create module in Magento 2, let’s first see what are the key differences between Magento 1 and Magent 2 module creation

Difference Number 1

In Magento 1, you have app/code/core, local and community whereas in Magento 2 you have everything in app/code/ where all the folders with their namespaces are created like Magento, Zend, Scommerce etc. By default, you will see all the Magento core code is in /vendor/magento folder.

Difference Number 2

In Magento 1, you register your module using /app/etc/module/Namespace_ModuleName.xml whereas in Magento 2, you create module.xml under app/code/Namespace/ModuleName/etc/module.xml, app/code/Namespace/ModuleName/composer.json and app/code/Namespace/ModuleName/registration.php

Difference Number 3

In Magento 1, you separate out designs in  app/design/frontend/default/default/layout or app/design/frontend/default/default/template folders whereas in Magento 2, you create everything in your module folder itself like app/code/Namespace/Module/view/layout or app/code/Namespace/Module/view/templates

Difference Number 4

In Magento 1, you declare global, frontend and adminhtml events in app/code/community/Namespace/Module/etc/config.xml whereas in Magento 2, you declare global events in app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/events.xml, frontend events in app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/frontend/events.xml and app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/adminhtml/events.xml

Difference Number 5

In Magento 1, you override blocks, controllers and model classes in app/code/community/Namespace/Module/etc/config.xml whereas in Magento 2, you override blocks, controllers and model classes in app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/di.xml

Difference Number 6

In Magento 1, you create route for your admin or frontend controller in app/code/community/Namespace/Module/etc/config.xml whereas in Magento 2, you create route for your frontend controller in app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/frontend/routes.xml and admin controller in app/code/Namespace/Module/etc/adminhtml/routes.xml

Now you know the key differences between Magento 1 and Magento 2 for creating module, let’s crack on with creating Magento 2 module -:

Step 1 – Create folder app/code/Scommerce/Hello

Step 2 – Create module.xml in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/etc/, registration.php and composer.json

module.xml

<br>
&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;<br>
&lt;!-- /** * Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved. * See COPYING.txt for license details. */ --&gt;<br>
&lt;config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:App/etc/routes.xsd"&gt;<br> &lt;router id="admin"&gt;<br> &lt;route id="hello" frontName="hello"&gt;<br> &lt;module name="Scommerce_Hello"/&gt;<br> &lt;/route&gt;<br> &lt;/router&gt;<br>
&lt;/config&gt;<br>

composer.json

<br>
{<br> "name": "scommerce/hello",<br> "description": "Scommerce Hello Module for Magento 2.0",<br> "require": {<br> "php": "~5.5.0|~5.6.0|~7.0.0",<br> "magento/module-store": "*",<br> "magento/module-backend": "*",<br> "magento/framework": "*"<br> },<br> "type": "magento2-module",<br> "license": "GPL-3.0",<br> "authors": [<br> {<br> "name": "Scommerce",<br> "email": "core@scommerce-mage.co.uk"<br> }<br> ],<br> "autoload": {<br> "files": [<br> "registration.php"<br> ],<br> "psr-4": {<br> "Scommerce\Hello\": ""<br> }<br> }<br>
}<br>

registration.php

<br>
&lt;?php<br>
/**<br> * Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved.<br> * See COPYING.txt for license details.<br> */</p>
<p>MagentoFrameworkComponentComponentRegistrar::register(<br> MagentoFrameworkComponentComponentRegistrar::MODULE,<br> 'Scommerce_Hello',<br> __DIR__<br>
);<br>

Step 3 – Create routes.xml in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/etc/frontend/

routes.xml

<br>
&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;<br>
&lt;!-- /** * Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved. * See COPYING.txt for license details. */ --&gt;<br>
&lt;config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:App/etc/routes.xsd"&gt;<br> &lt;router id="standard"&gt;<br> &lt;route id="hello" frontName="hello"&gt;<br> &lt;module name="Scommerce_Hello"/&gt;<br> &lt;/route&gt;<br> &lt;/router&gt;<br>
&lt;/config&gt;</p>
<p>

Step 4 – Create Controller/Index folders in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/

Step 5 – Create index.php in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/index.php

<br>
&lt;?php<br>
/**<br>
* Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved.<br>
* See COPYING.txt for license details.<br>
*/<br>
namespace ScommerceHelloControllerIndex; </p>
<p>class Index extends MagentoFrameworkAppActionAction { </p>
<p> public function execute() {<br> $this-&gt;_view-&gt;loadLayout();<br> $this-&gt;_view-&gt;getLayout()-&gt;initMessages();<br> $this-&gt;_view-&gt;renderLayout();<br> }<br>
}<br>

Step 6 – Create Block folder in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/

Step 7 – Create hello.php in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/hello.php

<br>
&lt;?php<br>
/**<br> * Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved.<br> * See COPYING.txt for license details.<br> */</p>
<p>namespace MagentoHelloBlock;</p>
<p>class Hello extends MagentoFrameworkViewElementTemplate<br>
{<br> public function _prepareLayout()<br> {<br> return parent::_prepareLayout();<br> }<br>
}<br>

Step 8 – Create view/frontend/layout folders in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/

Step 9 – Create hello_index_index.php in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/view/frontend/layout/

<br>
&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;<br>
&lt;!-- /** * Copyright © 2015 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved. * See COPYING.txt for license details. */ --&gt;<br>
&lt;page xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../../../../../lib/internal/Magento/Framework/View/Layout/etc/page_configuration.xsd"&gt;<br>
&lt;body&gt;<br> &lt;referenceContainer name="content"&gt;<br> &lt;block class="ScommerceHelloBlockHello" name="hello" template="hello.phtml"&gt;<br> &lt;/block&gt;<br> &lt;/referenceContainer&gt;<br>
&lt;/body&gt;<br>
&lt;/page&gt;<br>

Step 10 – Create templates folders in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/view/frontend/

Step 11 – Create hello.phtml in app/code/Scommerce/Hello/view/frontend/templates

<br>
&lt;?php<br>
/**<br>
* Copyright © 2018 Scommerce Mage. All rights reserved.<br>
* See COPYING.txt for license details.<br>
*/ </p>
<p>echo 'Congratulations you have built your first Magento 2 module using controller, block, layout, templates etc.';<br>

Step 12 – Run the following command to register your module

php bin/magento setup:upgrade

or

Edit /etc/config.php and add Scommerce_Hello =>1 in modules array

Hope this article helped you in some way. Please leave us your comment and let us know what do you think? Thanks.